中文摘要：

为评价地铁列车和道路车辆运行对环境的振动影响，选取北京地铁1号线东单站一建国门站普通无砟轨道区间以及4号线北京大学东门站圆明园站浮置板轨道区间，在地表布置多个传感器，对地铁列车单独引起的振动、公交车单独引起的振动，以及两者叠加振动进行现场测试，对振动的Z振级和1／3倍频程谱进行分析。结果表明：无论采用非减振的普通无砟轨道还是浮置板轨道，在距离地铁隧道中心线一定范围内，公交车引起的振动对沿线居民影响要强于地铁列车；采用浮置板轨道，可降低地铁列车引起的10Hz以上的地表振动，尤其是40～80Hz控制频段内的振动，可在一定程度上减小地铁列车对沿线居民的振动影响。可采用浮置板轨道来减小地铁列车振动对沿线精密仪器的影响，但采用浮置板轨道仍会使得现有环境振动有所增加，其增量是否会影响沿线精密仪器正常使用，需要根据仪器对环境振动的限值而定。

英文摘要：

In order to evaluate the environmental effects of vibrations induced by passage of Metro trains and vehicles on the road, in-situ vibration measurements were carried out in the section of general non-ballast tracks between the Dongdan Station and Jianguomen Station on Line 1 and in the section of floating slab tracks between the East Gate of Peking University Station and Old Summer Palace Station on Line 4 of Beijing Metro. Sensors were fixed on the ground surface to measure the vibrations induced by passage of buses only, Metro train only, and their combination. After that, the Z-vibration level and accelerations in one-third octave band were analyzed. The results show as follows： Bus induced vibrations have more influence on residents than Metro train induced vibrations in a certain distance from the centerline of Metro tunnel for the case of both the general non-ballast tracks and the floating slab tracks; installation of floating slab tracks can reduce the Metro train induced vibrations on the ground surface above 10 Hz, especially the vibrations in the dominant frequency range of 40-80 Hz, and it can also reduce the influence on residents to some extent; floating slab tracks can be used to reduce influence on sensitive instruments due to Metro train induced vibrations, however, environmental vibrations increase even if floating slab tracks are used, and whether or not this increase affects the sensitive instruments depends on the required limit values of the sensitive instruments on environmental vibrations.