中文摘要：

在开放经济条件下。对国际贸易中隐含碳排放的研究是科学界定各国碳排放责任的基础。本文通过构建多区域投入产出模型对包括中国在内的25个世界贸易组织成员国的隐含碳排放进行了测算。同时基于“生产者消费者共担”原则对各国的碳排放责任进行了核算，并将其与“生产者负担”原则下各国的碳排放责任进行7沈较。研究结果表明。各国的碳排放呈现出不同的特征。共担原则对各豳碳排放责任的界定更加公平和有效；中国是发展中国家中生产者责侄最大和消费者责任位居第二的国家，然而中国的生产者责任是美国生产者责任的1．4倍，消费者责任却只有美匿消费者责任的十分之一；中国和美国分别是“生产者负担”原则和共担原则下碳排放责任最大的国家，同时中国也是共担原则下碳排放责任减少幅度最大的国家。资源禀赋状况、经济发展阶段以及贸易结构特征是导致我国的碳排放责任呈现上述特征的主要原因。本文据此对开放经济条件下我国碳排放责任的界定以及如何减少我国的碳排放量提出了相应的对策建议。

英文摘要：

In open economy, the t of embodied carbon emission in international trade is the foundation of scientific definition of responsibility for carbon emission of each country. This paper applied a muhi-regional input-output model to measure embodied carbon emission of 25 WTO member countries including China, then measured each country＇ s responsibility for carbon emission based on shared responsibility principle, and compared it with what based on producer responsibility principle. The results indicate that the characteristics of present carbon emissions differ in each country and the shared responsibility principle is more fair and effective in defining countries＇ responsibilities for carbon emission. China is the one whose producer responsibility is in the first place and consumer responsibility is in the second place among developing countries. China＇ s producer responsibility is 1.4 times as much as that of the U. S. , however, China＇ s consumer responsibility is only one-tenth as much as that of the U. S.. China and the U. S. are the countries with the greatest responsibilities for carbon emission in producer responsibility principle and shared producer responsibility principle respectively. At the same time China is also the country with the biggest reduction of responsibility for carbon emission in shared responsibility principle. Resource endowment, economic development and trade structure are the main reasons leading to the characteristics of China＇ s responsibility for carbon emission. Finally, there are some relevant policies and suggestions about how to define China＇ s responsibility for carbon emission as well as how to reduce carbon emission in open economy.