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中文摘要：
在与喉咙直径的一张超声的嘴相结合的一个低动力的弧气体加热器的流动不到 1mm 相当复杂、困难在量的详细描述。单原子的气体氩和氦的加热弧的超声的喷气推进器的实验被执行了，他们的表演测量了。流动特征在数字模拟的帮助下被分析。结果证明粘滞效果是引起理想、真实的性能之间的大差别的最重要的因素。出口流动的大外部节是慢吞吞的。这在氦是特别显著的，在嘴的 70% 出口区域可能在亚声的流动的地方。磨擦力量能比网推进的大得多，在氦更高若干次到达，导致很低的效率。引起理想、真实的流动之间的差别的另外的因素包括：在喉咙区域，延长到嘴扩大节的电的弧，到入口气体并且从热血浆的热转移，和在真空房间的环境压力的复杂流动。当处理如此的复杂状况时，超声的嘴流动的平常的概念必须极大地被修改，这被认出当处理如此的复杂状况时。在这份报纸介绍的一般概念能在指导这台设备的设计和操作是有用的。
英文摘要：
The flow in a low-powered arc gas heater com- bined with a supersonic nozzle of throat diameter less than 1 mm is quite complicated and difficult to describe in quan- titative detail. Experiments on arc-heated supersonic jet thrusters of monatomic gases argon and helium have been carried out and their performance measured. The flow charac- teristics are analyzed with the help of numerical simulation. Results show that the viscous effect is the most important factor causing the large difference between ideal and real performance. A large outer section of the exit flow is slow- moving. This is especially pronounced in helium, where 70 % of the exit area of the nozzle might be in subsonic flow. Fric- tion forces can be much larger than the net thrust, reaching several times higher in helium, resulting in very low efficien- cies. Other factors causing the differences between ideal and real flow include： complex flow in the throat region, electric arc extending to the nozzle expansion section, heat transfer to the inlet gas and from the hot plasma, and environmen- tal pressure in the vacuum chamber. It is recognized that the ordinary concepts of supersonic nozzle flow must be greatly modified when dealing with such complicated situations. The general concepts presented in this paper could be helpful in guiding the design and operation of this equipment.
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