中文摘要：

Pb WO4是一类重要的半导体,广泛运用于高能物理领域无机闪烁晶体.它具有许多独特的物理性能,如衰减时间短（10 ns）、能量密度高（8.28 cm3）、低光产率（300 photons/MeV）、短辐射长度（0.9 cm）和高抗辐照损伤等.Pb WO4纳米晶体的激子荧光、热荧光和其它光学性能主要取决Pb WO4晶体的形貌和微观结构.目前已经合成了不同结构的Pb WO4纳米/微米晶体,如四角双锥微米晶、微米球、纳米棒、纳米纺垂体等.近年来,Pb WO4的光催化性能也引起人们的重视.研究发现,Pb WO4晶体的光催化性能和其形貌、微观结构密切相关.如在不同形貌的十四面体、三维多尺度微米球和纳米颗粒中,PbW O4微米球表现了极高的光催化活性.此外,Pb WO4微米球由于密度大,非常容易分离,从而有利于其回收利用,在循环使用时具有很高的稳定性.因此,合成具有特殊形貌的PbW O4纳米/微米晶体具有重要的理论和现实意义.此外,合成贵金属/半导体复合纳米结构是提高光催化性能的另一有效策略.在贵金属/半导体复合纳米结构中,光生电子（e–）和（h＋）的复合可以在很大程度上得到抑制,因为光生e–可以快速地迁移至贵金属颗粒中心,从而加速e–和h＋的分离.本文利用水热结合焙烧法首先合成了长度大于1μm的棒状Pb WO4微米晶.然后利用光化学沉积法,在PbW O4微米晶表面沉积不同含量（0.5 wt%,1 wt%,和2 wt%）的Pt纳米粒子.利用X射线衍射（XRD）、N2物理吸附、扫描电镜（SEM）、透射电镜（TEM）、光电子能谱（XPS）、光致发光谱（PL）和紫外-可见漫反射吸收光谱（UV-Vis DRS）等手段对所制PbW O4和Pt/Pb WO4进行了表征.表征结果表明,合成的PbW O24和Pt/Pb WO4的比表面积很小（1.5–1.9 m/g）,沉积的Pt纳米粒子为金属态.UV-Vis DRS测试表明,沉积的Pt纳米粒子在光照下可以产生表面等离子共振,促进可见光的吸收.另外,PL的?

英文摘要：

Rod-shaped PbW O4 microcrystals of length 1 μm were fabricated by a hydrothermal route and subsequent calcination. Pt nanoparticles（NPs） of different contents（0.5 wt%,1 wt% and 2 wt%） were subsequently deposited on the PbW O4 microcrystals,producing robust Pt/PbW O4 composite microcrystals. The PbW O4 microcrystals and Pt/PbW O4 photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction,N2 sorption measurements,scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,and X-ray photoelectron,photoluminescence,Fourier-transform infrared,and ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopies. The photocatalytic performances of the catalysts were evaluated by the consecutive photocatalytic degradation of acid orange II dye. The Pt/PbW O4 composite microcrystals exhibited high photocatalytic activity and stability. The deposition of Pt NPs produced surface plasmon resonance（SPR）,which induced a large visible light absorption. A Pt NP content of 1-2 wt% resulted in an ~2 times increase in photocatalytic activity,compared with the activity of Pt/PbW O4. The crystal structure and high crystallinity of PbW O4 resulted in its favorable photocatalytic property,and the SPR effect of the Pt NPs promoted visible light harvesting. The Pt NPs also enhanced the separation of photo-generated electrons and holes,which further promoted the photocatalytic reaction.