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中文摘要：
研究了熔融纺丝法制备聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）纤维的工艺条件,并采用示差扫描量热仪（DSC）、广角和小角X-射线散射仪（WAXS和SAXS）以及力学试验分析了所得纤维的结晶结构和硬弹性.试验结果表明,PVDF纤维的熔点和结晶度随纺丝牵伸比的增大而增大,随退火时间的延长而升高.PVDF纤维中具有垂直于纤维轴平行排列的片晶结构,其长周期为19 nm.PVDF纤维还具有较高的弹性模量（2.08 GPa）和弹性回复率,在伸长50%时第一个回复圈的弹性回复率为91.4%.PVDF纤维的结晶结构和力学性能都表明PVDF纤维是硬弹性纤维,纤维的弹性模量随拉伸速率的增加而降低的反常现象,进一步证明了PVDF纤维的硬弹性特征.
英文摘要：
Investigation was carried out on the processing of poly（vinylidene fluoride）（PVDF） fibers by melt-spinning method. The crystal structure and hard elasticity of the fibers were analyzed by differential scanning calorimeter （DSC） ,wide and small angle X ray scattering （WAXS and SAXS） and tensile experiment. The results showed that the melting peak temperature and crystallinity of PVDF fibers increased with spin-draw ratio and annealing time. Stacked lamellar structure aligned in the direction normal to the fiber axis was found in the fibers and that the long period of the lamellae was 19 nm. PVDF fibers also had higher initial modulus （2.08 GPa） and elastic recovery, which was 91.4% from 50% extension on the first cycle. The morphological and mechanical properties, all indicate that PVDF fibers have the characteristic of hard elasticity. The modulus of the fibers decreasing with the increasing stretching rates also indicates the hard elasticity of the fibers.
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