中文摘要：

测试效应,是指复习时的测试比重复学习更能促进记忆保持。它分为直接效应和间接效应。测试效应的早期理论着重研究其直接效应。近年来,研究者开始关注测试的间接效应,经历了借鉴其他理论、关注语义加工、探讨其作用机制三个阶段后,研究者们提出了语义中介假说。该假说认为,提取练习会促使学习者对学习内容进行语义加工,并根据测试结果调整其后续学习。这是对测试效应作用机制的更深层次的解释,对未来研究具有重要意义。

英文摘要：

Testing effect postulates that review by way of retrieval practice, i.e., testing, can bet- ter enhance memory retention than restudy. It is divided into direct effect and mediated effect. Recent- ly, an increasing amount of researchers began to examine the mediated effect of testing, and proposed the semantic mediator explanation. The proposal of this explanation has experienced three stages. After the three stages, the semantic mediator explanation of testing effect becomes mature gradually. It suggests that retrieval practice will encourage learners to make semantic processing for the learning contents. Semantic mediator explanation provides an updated and deep interpretation for the mecha- nism of testing effect. This paper introduces the proposal of the semantic mediator explanation about testing effect, clarifies its basic ideas and experimental evidences. We also make a comment on its ad- vantages and disadvantages, and put forward the direction of future research.