中文摘要：

为了将冶金污泥中的有价金属资源化并合理回收与利用,用采用氨水和铵盐复配对冶金污泥中的铜、锌、镉和铅进行选择性浸出,并且通过单因素条件试验分别考察铵盐种类、氨水和铵盐复配体系作为浸出剂中氨水和铵盐各自的浓度、浸出反应的温度和浸出反应时间等因素对铜、锌、镉和铅浸出率的影响,从而通过对比得出最佳的金属浸出工艺条件：复配体系中铵盐选择为碳酸铵,浓度为0.5 mol/L,缓冲剂氨水浓度为3 mol/L,反应温度为50℃,浸出反应时间时间为120 min.在此条件下,铜、锌和镉的浸出率分别为91.51％、85.13％和89.51％,而铅的浸出率则低于6.00％,本工艺可以实现铜、锌和镉的回收同时可以实现对铅元素的基本分离.

英文摘要：

To reuse the heavy metals from the metallurgical sludge,the ammonia-ammonium salt leaching process was studied to selectively leach Cu,Zn,Cd and Pb from metallurgical sludge.The effects of the types of ammonium salt,the concentration of ammonia and ammonium salt,the temperature and the leaching time on the leaching ratio of Cu,Zn,Cd and Pb were investigated.The optimized leaching conditions were as follows：the chosen ammonium salt is ammonium carbonate;the concentration of ammonia and ammonium carbonate is 3 mol/L and 0.5 mol/L,respectively,and the temperature is 50 ℃ and the leaching time is 120 min.The leaching ratio of Cu,Zn and Cd is 91.51％,85.13％ and 89.51％,respectively,and the leaching ratio of Pb is less than 6.00％,which indicates that Cu,Zn and Cd are separated from Pb.