中文摘要：

准确判定商人身份,是商帮史研究立论的前提和基础.在以往的徽商研究中,对徽商身份的判定存 在三个值得注意的普遍性问题：一是将“徽商之子”视作“徽商”,其结果是对明清士商关系和商人社会地位变化 的讨松失去了应有的意义;二是“徽商”概念扩大化,即将历史上的宁国商人等其他地域商人纳入徽商研究范畴,或将非徽商资料误为徽商资料,从而模糊了徽商研究的学术边界;三是将“徽商”与“徽州籍商人”等同起来,从而 忽视了商人的自我认同,或将“徽商”概念推及长期与徽州几无联系的徽商后裔,从而无助于揭示徽商问题的本 质.在今后的商帮史研究中,研究者应高度重视对商人身份的判定,严格恪守史学的求真原则和历史原则,同时 也应注意制度与“人”的结合.

英文摘要：

That accurately determining the identity of business was the premise and foundation for the research of commercial groups ’ history. There were three universal issues on judgment businessman＇s identity in the previous Huizhou merchants,studies. First,“ merchants’ chi ld” were been regarded as “ merchants”,that lead to the discussion on the relationship of Shi and business-men in the Ming and Qing Dynasty lost its original meaning. Second, the concept of businessman was been expanded, Ningguo mer-chants and other regional businessmen in the history were been regarded as Huizhou merchants, thereby blurring the academic boundaries of research on Huizhou merchants. Third , Huizhou merchants were been viewed as merchants birthplace in Huizhou, thus ignoring the businessman＇s self - ident ity, or the concept of Huizhou merchants was been spread to the descendants of Huizhou merchants who almost lost the contact with Huizhou in long t ime , thus could not reveal the nature of problem on Huizhou merchants. We should note the following points in the future research on commercial groups,histo ry, attach great importance to the business-man＇s identity determination, strictly abide by the history principle of seeking truth and historical principles, pay attention to the combination system with people.