中文摘要：

考古动物群是由古代生物群经过死亡群、埋藏群、化石群的逐次“过滤”而形成的一个“采集群”。在这一漫长而复杂的地质历史过程中,不同来源、不同规模、不同作用方式的多种埋藏学因素都在其中打上了自己的深刻“烙印”,并在各自的层面上改变了考古动物群的最终面貌,从而导致了化石记录与原始生物群之间的客观偏移。因此,在对考古遗址发掘出土的大量动物化石进行合理解释之前,有必要了解和研究那些可能影响考古动物群最终组成的埋藏学过程或动因。本文以东亚地区的几项埋藏学研究为例,重点阐释了一些可能导致考古动物群偏移的埋藏学过程。

英文摘要：

The faunal collection excavated by the archaeologist or paleontologist almost never resembles the original death assemblage exactly （exceptions to this fact may be catastrophic mortality situations, such as volcanic eruptions）. Nevertheless, before any interpretations can be confidently derived regarding the excavated bone collection, understanding the processes that affect the formation of an archaeofaunal assemblage is critical. This job is primarily the responsibility of taphonomists, who examine the biostratinomic （e. g., fluvial transport and abrasion） and diagenetic processes （e. g., sediment compaction, biochemical etching） that affect faunal remains during accumulation and burial. The primary goal of this paper is to review these various taphonomic processes and provide examples from ongoing taphonomic research conducted in East Asia.