中文摘要：

为实时采集飞行器舱体各部位的振动、冲击、压力等多路信号,设计一种通道可自由扩展的级联式机载数据采集系统。以FPGA为核心控制器设计基础模块和传感器采集模块,通过将多个采集模块堆叠级联的方式实现对任意通道的扩展。采集模块内置信号调理和采集电路、存储和控制电路,采集数据按通道编帧后分层存储。基础模块通过级联总线发送触发或读数指令,控制采集进程,并利用LVDS电缆将数据上传到计算机进行波形分析。实际测试表明：该系统能根据应用需求灵活扩展通道数量,同步采集时单通道采样率≥300 k S/s,电压转换误差〈0.2%,具备体积小、易维护等特点。

英文摘要：

A cascade airborne data acquisition system with extended channels was designed for real-time acquisition of vibration, shock and pressure signals from various parts of aircraft cabin. The basic module and sensor acquisition module applied FPGA as the core controller, and the extension of any channel was realized by stacking modules in a stack. Acquisition module was built with signal conditioning and acquisition circuit, storage and control circuit, and the data was stored by layer in frame of channels. Basic module transmitted the trigger or read instruction via cascade bus to control the acquisition process, and uploaded data to the computer for waveform analysis through LVDS cable. The test shows that the instrument could extend the number of channels flexibly according to the application requirements. The single channel sampling rate was not less than 300 kS/s in synchronous acquisition, and voltage conversion error was lower than 0.2%, which had characteristics of small size and easy maintenance.