中文摘要：

2012年4～8月,在太行山猕猴国家级自然保护区济源管理局天坛山管护区（北纬35°05＇～35°15＇,东经112°12＇～112°22＇）,对太行山猕猴王屋1群（WW-1）内的3个母系单元（matrilineal unit）中大于（等于）3岁龄的26只个体进行面部拍照,获取其面部特写照片,进而利用分块主成分分析（modular principal component analysis,MPCA）法,对个体进行面部识别分析,旨在探讨个体间面部相似度与亲缘关系的相关性。结果表明：（1）太行山猕猴个体间的面部相似度与亲缘类型有关,母亲与大于3岁龄子代间的面部相似度为0.93±0.00,显著高于单元内（0.89±0.00）和单元间（0.84±0.01）的面部相似度;（2）太行山猕猴个体的面部特征随年龄增长而变化,4岁（含4岁）龄以上个体与母亲间的面部相似度较高（0.88～0.95）,依此值可准确地识别母子关系。本研究采用量化方法对非人灵长类个体间面部相似度进行分析,发现太行山猕猴个体间的面部相似度与亲缘关系密切相关;研究结果可为非人灵长类的个体识别提供较为客观的手段和方法。

英文摘要：

From April to August in 2012,a target troop（named as WW-1）of Taihangshan macaques（Macaca mulatta tcheliensis）was investigated for facial similarity in the Tiantanshan area（35°05＇-35°15＇ N,112°12＇-112°22＇ E）of the Taihangshan Macaque National Nature Reserve（TMNNR）in Jiyuan,China.Facial close-up photos of 26 individuals over 3-years-old belonging to 3 matrilineal units within troop Wangwu-1（WW-1）were photographed and facial similarity values between every two different individuals were analyzed using modular principal component analysis（MPCA）method.We aimed to find the correlation between facial similarity and individual kinship.The results showed that：（1）facial similarity was significantly associated with kinship between individuals;the facial similarity between mothers and offspring（0.93±0.00）was significantly higher than those of the intra-unit group（0.89±0.00）and the inter-unit group（0.84±0.01）;the similarity value of the intra-unit group is significantly higher than the inter-unit group;and（2）individual face features varied with increasing age in Taihangshan macaques;higher facial similarity was found between≥4 year old individuals and their mothers（0.88-0.95）,and mother-offspring relationship could be assuredly recognized via this value.The results from this study may provide reasonable and effective methods for individual identification in nonhuman primates.