中文摘要：

大力发展私有林，努力提高林农林业经营意愿，不但有利于林区农业产业结构的调整，还有利于增加林农收入，加快林农脱贫致富的步伐，这是缓解林区矛盾、维护社会稳定的一条重要途径，也是繁荣农村经济，促进社会主义新农村建设的重要途径之一，同时对于推进林业经济结构的战略性调整，更好地满足社会经济发展对生态环境和林产品的需求，实现林业可持续发展具有十分重要的意义。但是私有林发展存在产权残缺、税费不规范、融资体制不健全、社会服务体系不完善等制度障碍。完善受限产权、生态效益内部化、国家经济人目标实现及私有林公共品提供要求对私有林进行补贴，是当前进一步发展私有林的有效制度安排。

英文摘要：

Expanding greatly private forest and enhancing hardly the forest growers＇management wishes are conducive not only to regulating the agriculture industrial structure in forest area, but also increasing forest growers ＇ income to speed up poverty alleviation. It is a way to relieve the contradiction in forest area and maintain social stability, and it is also a crucial way to make the rural economy flourish and promote the construction of new socialist countryside. At the same time, it will have an important significance in pushing strategic reform of forestry economy structure, in meeting the need of environment and forest products, and in achieving sustainable development of forestry. Property deformity, nonstandard tax and fee, unsound financing system and incompete social service system have been a system handicap which restricts growth of private forest in China. Perfecting limited property right, interiorizing ecological efficiency, realizing the goal of national economic man and providing public product of private forest require subsidy of private forest, which is current effective system arrangement for further development of private forest.