中文摘要：

私有林的实践和理论在我国都处于起步阶段。福建集体林权二十多年的改革经历了启动、探索和深化三个阶段，私有林在集体林权改革演进的推动下产生和发展起来．也经历了起步、徘徊和整合三个阶段。林权改革对私有林发展的作用主要是通过强制性制度变迁，引起交易成本的变化，私有林的深度和广度也产生相应的变化，在一定条件的配套下，进一步产生诱致性制度变迁．使私有林的形式、规模和效益体现其发展水平。在此基础上，文章最后提出新一个生命周期私有林的发展要注重私有林补贴制度的运用，鼓励中等规模私有林的发展。

英文摘要：

The practice and theory of private forest in our country only get up the step. In Fujian, the reformation of collective forestry property right has come through startup, groping for and deepening three phases. Under impelling of the reformation, private forest started evolution, has come through getting up step, wandering and conformity. The reformation of collective forestry property right force system variance, arouse the change of deal- cost, the deepness and scope of private forest variety at the same moment. If the condition is qualified, it can lead to more system variance, the format, scale and benefit of private forest evolution. Hereon base, the paper advance that in newly lifecycle, the development of private forest should pay attention to allowance system, encouraging the development of private forest in middling scale.