中文摘要：

目的探讨胆囊切除术后残留病变的临床特征与治疗方法。方法采用回顾性横断面研究方法。收集2009年1月至2016年4月内蒙古医科大学附属医院收治的83例胆囊切除术后残留病变患者的临床病理资料。83例患者中，74例为残留胆囊（其中41例合并胆管结石、33例为单纯残留胆囊），9例为单纯残留胆管结石。患者入院后行相关实验室及影像学检查。根据相应病变选择合适手术方法。观察指标：（1）临床特征：病史、临床表现、实验室检查、影像学检查特征。（2）手术及术后情况：手术方式、手术时间、术中出血量、术后拔除引流管时间、术后并发症情况、术后住院时间。（3）术后病理学检查情况。（4）随访情况。采用门诊和电话方式进行随访，复查腹部彩色多普勒超声，观察患者生存和病变复发情况。随访时间截至2016年10月。正态分布的计量资料以x±s表示。结果（1）临床特征：①病史：83例患者均有胆囊切除术史。其中57例首次手术为急诊手术，26例为择期手术。②临床表现：首次出现临床表现时间为术后1～324个月，平均时间为术后96个月。83例患者中，49例临床表现以右季肋区绞痛伴右肩背部放射痛、发热、恶心、呕吐为主；24例以黄疸为主要症状；8例症状逐年加重，后期以右季肋区绞痛、寒战、高热伴黄疸为主；2例首次术后腹上区不适，伴不完全性肠梗阻表现。③实验室检查：83例患者中，48例ALT、AST升高，28例TBil升高，4例血、尿淀粉酶升高。④影像学检查：83例患者中，77例MRCP检查阳性，43例腹部彩色多普勒超声检查阳性，39例腹部CT检查阳性（4例合并胰腺炎）。（2）手术及术后情况：83例患者均行手术治疗。74例残留胆囊患者中，72例行残留胆囊切除术（41例合并胆管结石患者中，35例行残留胆囊切除＋胆道探查取石＋T管引流?

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the clinical features and treatment of residual gallbladder lesions after cholecystectomy. Methods The retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 83 patients with residual gallbladder lesions after cholecystectomy who were admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University between January 2009 and April 2016 were collected. Among the 83 patients, 74 had residual gallbladder （41 combined with bile duct stones and 33 with simple residual gallbladder） and 9 had simple residual bile duct stones. Patients received laboratory and imaging examinations, and then selected suitable surgery according to residual lesions, Observation indicators included： （1） clinical features： medical history, clinical manifestation, features of laboratory and imaging examinations; （2） surgical and postoperative situations ： surgical procedure, operation time, volume of intraoperative blood loss, time of drainagetube removal, postoperative complications and duration of postoperative hospital stay; （3） postoperative pathological examination ; （4） follow-up situation. Follow-up using outpatient examination and telephone interview was performed to detect survival of patients and recurrence of lesions using abdomen color Doppler ultrasound up to October 2016. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as x^-±s. Results （1） Clinical features： ① medical history： all the 83 patients had histories of cholecystectomy, including 57 with emergency operation and 26 with selective operation. ② Clinical manifestation： initial clinical manifestation occurred at l- 324 months postoperatively, with an average time of 96 months. Of 83 patients, 49 bad right upper abdominal colic associated with right shoulder or back rediating pain, fever, nausea and vomiting, 24 had jaundice as the main symptoms, 8 had gradually worse conditions, with right upper quadrant abdominal pain, chills and fever associated with jaundice in t