中文摘要：

【目的】研究道路建设对周边景观的生态影响，为区域生态环境的保护和管理提供科学的依据。【方法】以2010年将乐县森林资源二类调查和经矢量化的交通地图为基础数据，按树种组成对森林景观进行分类，利用 Arc-GIS 10．0缓冲区分析方法分别提取省道、县道和乡道两侧距离路基100 m、200 m、500 m、1000 m 和2000 m 内的景观要素信息，并利用 Fragstats 3．4软件计算各缓冲区内的景观格局指数，在此基础上定量研究了不同等级道路不同缓冲区内景观格局梯度变化规律。【结果】①省道对非林地的影响最大，而县道和乡道对针叶纯林的影响最大；②省道两侧景观的破碎程度比县道和乡道的低，景观保存较完好且连通性高；③随着道路缓冲距离的增加，斑块的类型、总边缘长度和均匀度都增加，而景观破碎化程度、团聚程度或延展趋势降低。【结论】景观格局在500 m 缓冲区内受到道路建设的影响较大，而对500 m 缓冲区外的影响趋于缓和；而不同道路类型对景观格局的影响在200 m 缓冲区范围内差异性较大。

英文摘要：

[Objective]The aim of this study was to explore the influences of ecological process caused by roads,and to provide a scientific basis for protection and management of the regional e-cosystems.[Method]Landscape was classified into 10 categories mainly according to their species composition of patches using forest resource inventory data of Jiangle county in 2010.Combined with a vectorized map of road network in the study area,landscape element information of areas within 100 m,100-200 m,200-500 m,500-1 000 m and 1 000-2 000 m distance from differ-ent classes of roads was obtained respectively using method of buffer analysis by ArcGIS 10.0. The landscape metrics was calculated by Fragstats 3.4 program.Thus,gradient changes of land-scape patterns were analyzed and compared among different buffers of roads.[Results]The pro-vincial road had the largest influence on non-forest land,while county and village road had the lar-gest influence on coniferous plantation forest.With higher connectivity in landscape,the frag-mentation degree in provincial road sides was lower than that in county and village road sides. Moreover,the values of lanscape indices,such as patch type,total edge and evenness increased with increasing road buffer distance,while the opposite was true for the trend of landscape frag-mentation and agglomeration.[Conclusion]Landscape structure tended to be more affected in ar-ea less than 500 m distance from road and county and village road side.Effects of different grades of roads on landscape structure were significantly different within 200 m of road buffer zone.