中文摘要：

通过总结既有的人因失误分类方法,对主要分类方法的优缺点和适用性进行了评述。既有的人因失误分类方法主要侧重于人因事故分析,在对人的认知过程四阶段尤其是计划决策阶段的失误模式进行主动辨识具有较大的困难。通过综合认知行为四阶段模型和技能型-规则型-知识型行为理论（SRK理论）,建立了高铁列车调度指挥认知行为SRK模型。以认知行为SRK模型为基础,提出一种新的人因失误分类方法用以人因失误辨识。以高铁列车调度指挥临时限速为任务背景,进行实际的人因失误辨识工作,并给出了详细的辨识结果。通过对列车调度员的访谈,辨识结果全面覆盖了临时限速时可能出现的人因失误类型,验证了方法的实用性。

英文摘要：

By summarizing the existing human error classification methods, the advantages, disadvantages and applicability of methods were reviewed. Existing methods mainly focused on human accident analysis, but had great difficulties in human error identification proactively in four stages of human cognitive processes, especially in deci- sion-making stage. A skill-rule- knowledge-based （SRK） cognitive model of high-speed railway train dispatching was established combining human cognitive process model and skill-rule-knowledge-based behavioral theory. Then a new human error classification method for human error identification was proposed. Finally, a case example of temporary speed restriction in high-speed railway train dispatching was presented and the detailed human error types was given. Through interviews with train dispatchers, the practicality of the method was demonstrated.