通过采用恒定的熔体温度、超声功率及频率、施振深度,对Pb-Ag合金熔体施振不同时间,探讨超声处理对Pb-Ag合金的显微组织及电化学性能的影响。结果表明,在熔体温度为370℃时,熔体粘度适宜,空化效应和声流作用明显,短暂的施振处理(1~2 min)即可达到理想的细晶效果,而长时间的超声波处理(3~5 min)只会引起熔体内较大的热效应,使细小的晶粒重熔,从而使得晶粒粗大。通过适宜的超声处理,Pb-Ag合金显微组织显著细化、均化,电化学性能有所提升,其中电阻率下降12.95%,极化电位负移290 mV,槽电压下降1.77%,达到了一定的节能降耗的目的,为今后制备高性能低能耗的Pb-Ag合金电极奠定了基础。
The effects of ultrasound on the microstructure and electrochemical performance were studied by using a constant power, frequency and vibration depth ultrasonic to treat Pb-Ag alloy melt at different range of temperatures. The results show that the cavitation and acoustic streaming would be given full play when the melt temperature reaches 370℃ and the melt viscosity is suitable, the ideal effect of refining will be obtained under short vibration treatment (1-2min), however, much bigger inner heating effects will be made by long time of ultrasonic treatment (3-5min) which will make refined grains remelt and lead to the grains coarsening. Only under the vibration time at 1 min, the ultrasonic treatment could make the microstructure remarkably refine and homogenize. In addition, the electrochemical performance improves, the resistivity decreases by 12.95%, the polarization potential shifts 298 mV negatively and cell voltage reduces by 1.77%. It has achieved the energy-conserving goal and could lay the foundation for the future Pb-Ag alloy electrode which has high performance and low-energy.