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中文摘要：
本文综述了近年来有序大孔材料的制备及应用。有序大孔材料的制备方法有胶态晶体模板法、生物模板法及其它模板法,重点阐述了用胶态晶体为模板制备有序大孔材料,如大孔金属、大孔无机氧化物、大孔碳、大孔半导体、大孔无机盐、大孔碳/无机氧化物复合物和大孔有机聚合物。用胶态晶体为模板制备有序大孔材料在催化、吸附、分离、传感器、光子晶体和声学等领域有潜在的应用。
英文摘要：
This article presents an overview on preparation and application of macroporous materials. Colloidal crystal templates, biomaterial templates and the others are applied in the preparation of ordered macroporous materials. Colloidal crystals as templates used in the preparation of ordered macroporous materials, such as macroporous metals, macroporous inorganic oxides, macroporous carbon, macroporous semiconductors, macroporous inorganic salts, macroporous carbon/inorganic oxide composites and macroporous polymers , are emphatically reviewed. Such materials with structured macropores prepared using colloidal crystals as templates have promise applications in areas as diverse as catalysis, sorption, separation, sensing, photonic crystals, acoustics and in a variety of other applications.
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