中文摘要：

＂过度学习＂是指在公共学习领域对超量、超难的内容过多地进行反复学习,它表现为重复学习、超量学习和过难学习。过度学习损害了学生的健康,耗尽了学生的潜能,扼杀了学生的天性,抑制了学生的个性。过度学习的存在主要有四个方面的原因：读经书的教育传统、重社会的教育目观、重知识的考评制度、去理性的教育操作。为了实现过度学习的救赎,必须树立发展个性的教育观,建构重特长的考评制度,鼓励学生的个性化学习,降低学习难度。

英文摘要：

Excessive study refers to that students do too much repeated study in public learning areas which include too many contents which are too difficult. It is represented the study that is repeated too much, that covers too much contents and that is too difficult. Excessive study endangers the students＇ health, exhaust students＇ potential, snuff students＇ nature, restrain students＇ characteristics. There are four reasons for the existence of excessive study ： the tradition of reading Confucian classics, view of education purpose that focus only on society, examination and evaluation system that attach the only importance to knowledge, and non - rational educational practice. In order to rectify excessive study, the following counter measures should be taken ： （ 1 ） education view on developing students＇ characteristics should be formed; （2） examination and evaluation system focu- sing on students＇ strong suit should be established; （3） students＇ individualized learning should be encouraged; （4） difficulty of subject materials should be decreased.