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中文摘要：
采用H.E和甲苯胺染色,对育雏期鸵鸟胸腺和腔上囊的解剖结构、组织学特点及肥大细胞在中枢淋巴器官的分布进行了观察,并用图像分析系统对肥大细胞的数量及形态特征进行了分析。结果显示：雏鸵鸟胸腺分叶少,仅分布在颈部后段两侧,且聚集在一起,髓质内有典型的Hassall小体;胸腺内肥大细胞分布较广,其中髓质和皮-髓交界处数量最多。腔上囊前部形成盲端,覆盖于泄殖道和粪道后段背侧,后部构成肛道背外侧壁,不形成真正的囊,其内表面皱褶上有密集分布的乳头;腔上囊小结单个分布并凸出于黏膜上皮;黏膜上皮为复层柱状上皮,移行至腔上囊小结处变为单层柱状上皮;腔上囊内肥大细胞主要分布在黏膜上皮。以上结果表明,雏鸵鸟中枢淋巴器官与其他禽类的同类淋巴器官存在明显的差异,且中枢淋巴器官内肥大细胞数量较多,不同器官或同一器官不同部位肥大细胞的形态、大小和颗粒染色深浅均有所不同。
英文摘要：
The anatomic and histologic character of thymus and cloacal bursa and distribution of mast cells in central lymphoid organs were observed by H.E and toluidine blue staining.The number,size and shape of mast cells were analyzed in ostrich chicks,using Image Pro Plus.The results showed the thymus of ostrich chicks lay in the back of neck along two sides and clustered together,there was typical Hassall corpuscles.The mast cells in thymus distributed widely and the number of it was most in medulla and common boundary of cortex and medulla.The foreside of Cloacal bursa formed the blind end,covering the dorsalis of excretory-genital tracts and coprodeum.The rear end of it structured the dorsal and eternal wall of proctodeum and was not the true bursa,whose surface inside folds densely distributed papilla.The bursa nodule protruded from mucosa epithelium singly.Mucosa epithelium was stratified columnar epithelium and became simple columnar epithelium at the bursa nodule epithelium.Mast cells mainly distributed in the mucosa epithelium of Cloacal bursa.All the results demonstrated：There are obvious differences in central lymphoid organs between ostrich chicks and other poultries.The number of mast cells is large,and its shape,size and gray varies in different organs or location of the same organ.
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