中文摘要：

矿井开采深度和强度的逐年增加,致使深部煤与瓦斯突出等煤岩动力灾害变得更为严重,迫切需要有既行之有效又安全可靠的方法来对其进行预测预报。煤岩体的破裂过程伴随能量耗散及放射性核素氡析出,因此,检测氡的变化可以作为一种对煤岩动力灾害的预测方法。先介绍了我国煤矿井下氡的水平,分析了破裂煤岩氡析出异常机理,研究了煤岩放射性核素赋存的影响因素,再利用自主设计的循环式破裂煤岩氡析出测定试验系统,初步研究了煤岩块试样破坏前后的氡析出变化。结果表明,煤岩块试样在破坏前后,氡浓度出现异常变化,破坏后较完整的煤样氡气放射增加50%以上,破坏后较完整的岩样氡气放射增加1倍以上。这表明氡检测技术在煤矿动力灾害探测中具有较好的应用前景。

英文摘要：

This paper intends to introduce its study on the radon monitoring technology in the detection of the rock or coal dynamic disaster level of radon distribution in the coal mine through analyzing the mechanism of the radon emanation anomaly for the radionuclide emission of the broken coal and rock or any other influential factors.As is known,with the increase of the mining scale and depth,more and more coal dynamic disasters have been occurring,such as the coal and gas outburst in the deep mining practice.According to the related studies,coal and rock outbursts are often coming along with the energy dissipation as well as the emission of the radionuclide emission.Therefore,changing radon concentration would be able to provide a prospective method to predict coal and rock dynamic disasters.In order to analyze the relationship between radioactivity and metamorphic grade of the coal and rock,we have measured the radioactivity of coal and rock and studied the coal proximate（moisture,ash,volatile） influence on the radioactivity.The measurement results indicate that not only the degree of coal and rock metamorphism,but also the content of coal and rock ash is related to the radioactivity of the coal and rock.In addition,this paper has also displayed a cycle experiment system of radon measurement for broken coal and rock which could measure the change of the radon emanation due to coal and rock failure,including KJD-2000 R radon counter,drying equipment,closed room and pallet.By changing the failure states of coal and rock,we measured the radon emanation under various damage states.The research results indicate that：there exists a substantial increase tendency in the radon emission rate after the failure while the emanation rate of radon in coal tends to increase by more than 50%after the said failure,while this amount of rock can be increase by over 100%.Thus,we can identify and determine such patterns due to the formation of the fault planes,which helps to make available new pathways for the said radon exhalation