中文摘要：

如何克服胃肠道吸收屏障是蛋白质、多肽和核酸等生物大分子药物口服给药面临的重大挑战。M细胞是胃肠道上皮细胞内一种特殊的抗原摄取细胞,具有高内吞和低降解特征,可能对生物大分子药物的口服吸收发挥重要作用。M细胞体外共培养系统的开发,以及在其基础上建立的体外模型,促进了对M细胞本身以及大分子药物口服给药系统的研究。本文综述了M细胞特殊的结构、功能、形成及生物标志特点,讨论了M细胞体外模型在开发生物活性大分子药物口服给药系统的应用。

英文摘要：

The oral administration of bioactive macromolecular drugs such as proteins,peptides and nucleic acids represents unprecedented challenges from the drug delivery point of view.One key consideration is how to overcome the gastrointestinal tract absorption barrier.Recent studies suggest that microfold cell（M cell）,a kind of specialized antigen-sampling epithelial cell which is characterized by a high endocytic rate and low degradation ability,may play an important role in macromolecule oral absorption.The development of an in vitro M cell coculture system and its modified models greatly advanced the study of M cells and the development of oral delivery system for macromolecular drugs.The special structure,function and formation characteristics,and biomarkers of M cell are summarized in this review.The applications of in vitro M cell models in developing oral delivery system of bioactive macromolecular drugs are discussed.