中文摘要：

β-HgS量子点因其具有可调谐的可见-近红外荧光和带间荧光而在光转换和荧光成像等多个领域有着广阔的应用前景。本文综述了β-HgS量子点的制备、性质及应用,重点梳理了β-HgS量子点在有机相和水相中的两大类共计五种制备方法,阐述了其不同于块状β-HgS的独特性质,总结了其在离子探测、细胞成像、活体成像、光转换器和荧光油墨等领域的最新应用。最后针对制约β-HgS量子点应用的主要问题（如应用于光转换器件中的转换效率和荧光量子产率不高、应用于生物荧光成像中的特异性识别能力不足和生物相容性较差等）,提出了我们的解决方案：一方面,将β-HgS量子点自组装形成特定的纳米结构,以期提高其光转换效率和荧光量子产率;另一方面,通过将手性生物分子引入到β-HgS量子点表面来制备手性β-HgS量子点,以期增强其在体内和体外荧光成像中的特异性识别能力和改善其生物相容性。本文将为β-HgS量子点的发展提供新的思路。

英文摘要：

Due to the tunable Vis-NIR fluorescence and interband fluorescence,β-HgS quantum dots have show n broad application prospects in multi-field such as photoelectric conversion and fluorescence imaging. In this review,the preparation,properties and applications of β-HgS quantum dots are summarized systematically.Firstly,five synthesis methods of β-HgS quantum dots are classified into two categories by solution phase：synthesis in aqueous phase and organic phase. Then,the physical properties of β-HgS quantum dots differing from bulk β-HgS are expounded. Next,the latest applications of β-HgS quantum dots in ion detection,cell imaging,in vivo imaging,light converter and fluorescent ink are summed up. Subsequently,the main tw o issues existing in the applications of β-HgS quantum dots are pointed out： one is their low photoelectric conversion rate and fluorescence quantum yield for photoelectric device,the other is their poor ability in specific recognition for biomedical fluorescence imaging. Finally,our personal perspectives to solve the problem are outlined that self-assembly aggregates of β-HgS quantum dots could be prepared to improve their photoelectric conversion rate and thermostability; and that chiral biomolecules could be introduced into the surface of β-HgS quantum dots as ligand to obtain chiral β-HgS quantum dots,these chiral β-HgS quantum dots might have potential chiralrecognition ability and better biocompatibility which could be used for fluorescence imaging in vitro and in vivo.This review points out a new direction for the development of β-HgS quantum dots.