中文摘要：

黔东苗语中的maix/niangb字存在句都可译成汉语中的＂有＂字句,二者不同的历史演变轨迹造成了句法语义上的差异：maix字存在句可广泛表达不同事物的存在,其源于领属句;而niangb字存在句强调当前存在,niangb的存在义源于身体部位动作义,经由居所义而来。

英文摘要：

In the Qian East dialect of Hmub language,the existential sentence expressed by＂maix＂or＂niangb＂can be translated into ＂有＂sentence in Chinese. These two kinds of existential sentence have different syntax and semantics and the difference caused by different historical evolution. The Maix existential sentence can be used to convey the presence of different things,which originates from the possessive sentence. And the Niangb existential sentence emphasizes the present,and its present meaning originates from the meaning of action through the meaning development of residence.