中文摘要：

准确描述管道输送用能过程并科学构建其能耗评价指标体系,是原油管道能效管理的重要基础工作之一。目前,原油管道的用能计算与分析统计、工艺方案优化及能耗评价,一般侧重于供能站而非消耗能量的管段本身,且未对有效耗能与无效耗能进行区分,将能耗与能损完全等同,不利于管道系统节能的进一步研究。将传递用于管输过程的用能描述与能耗评价,强调能的真正价值,侧重于对管段本身有效耗的作用机理分析,补充并扩展了传统能耗评价指标体系。结果表明：在管输过程的总耗中,有效耗占85%以上,其中有效热耗相比有效压耗占了绝大部分,因此,原油管道输送节能的重点应该集中在如何降低热能消耗。研究结果为原油管道的安全经济运行提供了有益的理论依据和技术支持。

英文摘要：

One of the essential parts for the energy efficiency management of crude oil pipelines is to describe accurately the energy use process of pipeline transportation and construct scientifically its energy consumption evaluation index system.At present, the calculation and statistical analysis of energy use, the process scheme optimization and energy consumption evaluation of crude oil pipeline are generally concentrated on the energy supply stations instead of the pipe itself which consumes the energy. Besides, effective energy consumption and ineffective energy consumption are treated without any distinction and energy consumption and energy loss are taken completely equal. Therefore, it is not beneficial for the further study on energy saving of pipeline systems. In this paper, exergy transfer was applied to energy use description and energy consumption evaluation in the process of pipeline transportation. It emphasizes the real value of energy and focuses on analyzing the mechanism of effective exergy consumption of the pipe itself. And it is a beneficial supplement and extension to the traditional energy consumption evaluation index system. It is indicated that among the total exergy consumption in the process of pipeline transportation, effective exergy consumption accounts for over 85%, among which the effective thermal exergy consumption is much higher than the effective pressure exergy consumption, so the energy saving of crude oil pipeline transportation shall focus on the way to reduce thermal energy consumption. The research results provide the theoretical basis and technical support for the safe and economic operation of crude oil pipelines.