在以重大技术装备为代表的典型产业中,由于产品性能和可靠性无法准确预知,业主具有强烈的风险厌恶倾向.通过构建纳入风险厌恶函数的业主购买决策模型,得到风险厌恶程度与国产设备购买数量负相关的结论,并从需求侧分析自主创新市场失灵的成因与表现.作为第三方介入主体,政府应以政府采购和税收制度调整的方式从宏观层面发挥政策导向与创新激励的功能,行业协会则应依靠制定行业规范和组建技术联盟从中观层面协调自主创新活动参与方之问的利益关系,以有效解决自主创新的市场失灵问题.
In the typical industries typified by important technical equipment industry, because the performance and reliability of products are unable to be known accurately in advance, the owners have intense risk-averse tendency. It concludes that the degree of risk aversion is negatively correlated to the purchasing volume of the products made in mainland by building the purchase decision model with risk-averse function. Furthermore, the cause and characteristics of market failure of independent innovation are analyzed from demand perspective. In order to solve the problem, as the third parties, the government ought to guide and stimulate from macro point of view by government procurement and tax system adjustment, and the guild is supposed to harmonize benefits relation between different parts from middle point of view by constituting criterion and technical alliance.