中文摘要：

为了探究溶菌酶对围产期奶牛直肠菌群多样性的影响及调节作用,选择9头围产期奶牛,随机分为3组,每组3头。试验Ⅰ组：饲喂基础日粮作为对照组;试验Ⅱ组：在基础日粮中添加2g/（d·头）溶菌酶;试验Ⅲ组：在基础日粮中添加4g/（d·头）溶菌酶。分别在产前第21、14、7天,产犊日,产后第7、14、21天采集直肠粪便,对各组奶牛粪便细菌总DNA进行ERIC-PCR指纹图谱分析,找出主要条带,克隆回收,使用HinfⅠ和HhaⅠ限制性内切酶进行RFLP分析,对主要的OTU进行测序分析。结果显示,试验Ⅰ组与试验Ⅱ组奶牛直肠菌群结构的相似性相近,与试验Ⅲ组的相似性较低;3组奶牛直肠优势菌群均为拟杆菌。结果表明,溶菌酶对围产期奶牛的直肠菌群多样性有较大影响,但没有改变直肠菌群的优势菌群。

英文摘要：

To analysis the lysozyme effects on the rectum flora diversity of perinatal dairy cows,and explore the lysozyme adjusts rectum flora of perinatal dairy cows,9perinatal dairy cows were divided into 3groups（3dairy cows per group）.GroupⅠ is the control group（normal feeding group）and groupⅡ and groupⅢ were fed 2g and 4g lysozyme per day,respectively.The rectal feces were collected at the 21 day of prenatal,14 day of prenatal,7day of prenatal,calving day,7day of postpartum,14 day of postpartum and21 day of postpartum,respectively.This samples were detected by ERIC-PCR fingerprint and RFLP classification technology.In result,the dairy cows＇ rectum flora structure between the control group and the groupⅡis similar,but lower similarity with groupⅢ.Bacteroides was the same predominant bacteria in 3groups.The above result showed that lysozyme can influence the bacterial diversity of the cows＇ rectum flora,but did not change the predominant bacteria of rectum flora.