中文摘要：

选用热带、亚热带等种质选育的9个代表性自交系,按GriffingⅢ双列杂交设计方法,配制成正、反交共72个F1组合,在江苏省南通和南京两个地点对参试自交系4个性状进行一般配合力和特殊配合力分析。结果表明：在新选自交系间杂种F1代小区产量、行粒数的变异中,非加性遗传方差大于加性遗传方差;在穗行数、千粒重的变异中,加性遗传方差大于非加性遗传方差。小区产量、千粒重性状一般配合力好的自交系是S7和S3;穗行数一般配合力较好的自交系是S6、S3和S9;行粒数一般配合力较好的自交系是S9和S2。综合4个性状评价,S3最好,其他依次为S7、S2、S5和S1。导入了热带、亚热带种质的S9行粒数一般配合力有所提高。除行粒数外,其他性状的反交效应均不显著。

英文摘要：

In this paper, general combining ability（GCA） and special combining ability（SCA） of 4 traits were analyzed by using 9 representative inbred lines with tropic and subtropic germplasm newly bred, and utilization potential of the 9 lines were evaluated. Seventy-two F1 hybrids were made by method 3 of Griffins diallel designs, and planted in Nantong and Nanjing. The results showed that among the F1 hybrids, genetic variances of non-additive were larger than those of additive in the variations of grain yield per plot and kernel number per row, and genetic variances of additive were greater than those of non-additive in the variations of row number per ear and 1 000-grain weight. Inbred lines S7 and S3 had excellent GCA for kernel yield per plot and 1000-grain weight. Inbred lines S6, S3 and S9 showed elite GCA for rows per ear. Inbred lines S9 and S2 showed good GCA for kernel number per row. Summing up the evaluation from the 4 traits, the best line was S3, then S7, S2, S5 and S1 in order. GCA for kernel number per row was improved in S9 into which tropic and subtropic germplasm was introduced. Reciprocal effects of the traits were not significant at 5% probability level except kernel number per row in both sites.