中文摘要：

提高杂交粳稻竞争优势的关键是选育具有高配合力的大穗型杂交粳稻恢复系。为使配合力改良更有效,选用115对SSR引物扩增6个粳稻BT型不育系和12个恢复系的标记基因型,并按NCⅡ（North CarolinaⅡ）遗传交配设计配制72个F1组合,分析18个亲本的一次枝梗数、二次枝梗数和穗长3个穗部性状的配合力,结合亲本SSR分子标记数据和性状配合力数据筛选3个穗部性状优异配合力的标记基因型。结果发现：23个标记基因型与亲本3个穗部性状配合力显著相关。其中1个标记基因型与亲本3个性状配合力都相关;7个标记基因型与亲本2个性状配合力都相关;15个标记基因型与亲本单个性状配合力相关。标记基因型RM8254-120/180对3个性状的配合力效应都是正的,可使F1的每穗一次枝梗数、二次枝梗数和穗长3个性状值分别增加21.63%、21.12%和16.12%。与亲本2个性状配合力相关的7个标记基因型中有6个标记基因型对亲本的配合力效应是正值,1个标记基因型对亲本的配合力效应是负值。

英文摘要：

In order to improve combining ability of restorer lines more efficiently,SSR marker genotypes with elite combining ability for three panicle traits were screened in this study,by analyzing the data of combining ability and SSR markers in six CMS（cytoplasmic male sterility）lines and twelve restorer lines that were genotyped using 115 pairs of SSR primers.The combining ability of the 18 parental lines was analyzed for panicle length（PL）,primary branch number per panicle（PBN）,second branch number per panicle（SBN）,using the data of 72 F1 made with North Carolina Ⅱ genetic mating design.Results showed that twenty-three SSR marker genotypes were significantly associated with combining ability of the three traits.Out of the twenty-three,fifteen were associated with one trait,seven with two traits,and one with three traits.Marker genotype RM8254-120/180 showed the positive effects of combining ability in all the three traits,increasing 21.63% of PBN,21.12% of SBN and 16.12% of PL in F1,respectively.Among the seven marker genotypes associated with two traits simultaneously,six showed the positive effects of combining ability for both of the two traits,and the other one negative.