中文摘要：

目的 应用功能磁共振成像（栅1技术中的独立成分分析法探讨背侧注意网络在海洛因成瘾者注意功能紊乱机制中的作用。方法 选择2013年6月至2013年12月月自安徽省戒毒康复中心的海洛因成瘾患者17名（海洛因成瘾组）和同期公开招募的志愿者17名（健康对照组），通过神经心理学测评了解2组被试者注意功能的差别；静息状态下采集被试者fMRI数据，利用独立成分分析方法提取2组被试者的背侧注意网络，将其结果进行两独立样本的组间分析，比较2组间背侧注意网络功能连接变化情况。结果 在神经心理学测评中，海洛因成瘾组表现出不同程度的注意功能障碍，在数字广度测验中表现弱于健康对照组，且在Stroop测验C的反应时间长于对照组，干扰效应明显大于健康对照组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。2组被试者利用独立成分分析法提取的背侧注意网络均由双侧顶内沟、额眼区、额中回、颞中回和颞下回小部分区域组成；与健康对照组相比，海洛因成瘾组患者背侧注意网络的大部分区域激活减弱，以右侧顶内沟、额中回显著（P〈0．05）。结论 海洛因成瘾者背侧注意网络的功能连接存在异常，可能导致了其注意功能的损害。

英文摘要：

Objective To explore the role of dorsal attention network in attention dysfunction of heroin addicts with the application of independent component analysis （ICA） of functional magnetic resonance imaging （fMRI）. Methods Seventeen heroin addicts （HA）, admitted to Anhui Drug Rehabilitation Center from June 2013 to December 2013, were recruited as HA group and 17 healthy volunteers collected at the same period were used as healthy control （HC） group. The neuropsychological test was performed to investigate and compare the differences of attention fimction between the HA group and the HC group. All fMRI data were preprocessed after a resting-state fMRI scan, and then, ICA was used to extract the dorsal attention network of the two groups; the changes of dorsal attention network between the HA group and HC group were compared. Results The neuropsychological test indicated that attention dysfimction of different degrees was noted in the HA group; HA group had poorer results in Stroop C test than HC group and HA group had longer reaction time and larger interference effect in digit span task than HC group, with significant differences （P〈0.05）. The dorsal attention network extracted by ICA included bilateral intraparietal sulcus, frontal eye field, middle frontal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus and inferior temporal gyrus. As compared with HC group, HA group showed decreased functional connectivity in most of the dorsal attention regions with the predominance in the right intraparietal sulcus and middle frontal gyrus （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Heroin addiction can cause damage to attention function; altered fi.mctional connectivity of the dorsal attention network reflected the dysfunction in attention network of heroin addicts.