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中文摘要：
目的应用基于体素的形态测量学和静息态功能磁共振研究海洛因成瘾者后扣带回结构和功能连接的变化情况。方法14例海洛因成瘾者和13例正常对照者分别采集3DT1WI图像和静息态功能磁共振图像，对3DT1WI图像进行基于体素的形态测量学分析以了解相关脑区灰质密度和体积的变化，对功能磁共振图像分别以左、右后扣带回为感兴趣区与全脑的体素进行相关分析，比较海洛因成瘾组与正常对照组的后扣带回结构和功能连接的变化情况。结果与正常对照相比，海洛因成瘾组的后扣带回灰质密度显著降低；以左侧后扣带回为感兴趣区进行功能连接分析，海洛因成瘾组左侧后扣带回与右侧颞叶的功能连接高于正常对照组，与右侧前额叶、丘脑以及左侧顶叶的功能连接明显低于正常对照组；以右侧后扣带回为感兴趣区进行功能连接分析，海洛因成瘾组右侧后扣带回与左侧额叶、左侧顶叶以及丘脑的功能连接明显低于正常对照组（双样本t检验，P〈0．01）。结论海洛因成瘾者后扣带回的结构和功能连接异常，这与海洛因成瘾的脑结构和功能障碍以及奖赏系统障碍有关。
英文摘要：
Objective To explore the abnormalities in the posterior cingulated cortex structure by voxel based morphometry（VBM） and changes of functional connectivity by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging（fMRI） in long-term heroin addictions. Methods High-resolution volumetric T1-weighted images and resting state fMRI examination were performed on 13 long-term heroin addicts and 14 matched healthy volunteers. The T1-weighted images were processed using optimized voxel-based morphometry to investigate abnormalities in the gray matter, at the same time ,the posterior eingulated cortex was setted as the region-of-interest （ROI） seed, with which a whole-brain voxcl temporal correlation in low frequency fMRI fluctuations was calculated, to find changes of the posterior cingulated cortex functional connectivity. Results Compared with the control group,gray matter concentration significantly decreased in the posterior cingulated cortex, at the same time, the functional connectivity be- tween the left posterior cingulated cortex and the right temporal lobe was increased,but the functional connectivity between the left posterior cingulated cortex and the left thalamus, the left parietal lobe, the left cerebrum were all decreased in heroin addicts. At the same time, the functional connectivity between the right posterior cingulated cortex and the left thalamus,the left parietal lobe,the left frontal lobe were decreased in heroin addicts（ t testing, P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion The structure and the functional connectivity in posterior cingulated cortex in long-term heroin addicts are changed,which may affect the dysfunction of the addictive brain and the thnction of reward mechanism.
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