中文摘要：

利用我国商业银行2008—2013年的546个观测值,本文通过普通最小二乘回归和分位数回归的实证结果对比分析了资本结构与其影响因素之间存在的关系,并针对这些因素相应地提出了一些银企经营和行业政策的建议。为了确保结果的稳健性,本文将全样本分为上市银行与非上市银行两个子样本,结果基本一致。实证结果表明：规模正向影响资本结构,盈利能力、存贷比、资本充足率负向影响资本结构,成长性、第一大股东性质和资产担保价值对资本结构影响不显著;股权集中度对上市银行的资本结构影响不明显,对非上市银行产生正向影响。通过对比分析实证结果发现,＂打铁还需自身硬＂的道理适用于银行资本结构理论,即盈利能力对银行资本结构的影响最为明显。因此,银行应提高经营水平,使资本结构保持在合理的水平上。国家应当加强对大规模的银行的监管,还应通过监管工具（存贷比、资本充足率）调控银行业整体的资本结构。

英文摘要：

The paper researches the relationships between capital structure and its influence factors based on 546 observations of commercial banks in China from 2008 to 2013,and gets empirical results based on the ordinary least squares regression and quantile regression. Then the paper puts forward Suggestions in turn management and industry policy according to these conclusions. In order to ensure the robustness,this paper will be divided the whole samples into listed Banks and private Banks two samples,the results are basically identical. The empirical results show that the size affects the capital structure; profitability,deposit-loan ratio,capital adequacy ratio negative influence capital structure; growth,the first big shareholders nature impact on the capital structure of asset collateral value insignificantly; Ownership concentration does not effect on capital structure of listed Banks,but impacts on private Banks positively. Through the empirical analysis,the results found that＂while the iron is hot still need their own hard＂truth can apply to Banks＇ capital structure theory,namely the influence of the profitability of Banks＇ capital structure is most obvious. As a result,banks should improve the level of management to make capital structure in a reasonable level. Government should strengthen the regulation,and should controls the banking industry＇s overall capital structure through regulatory tools（ LDR,capital adequacy ratio）.