中文摘要：

囊泡的转运和融合涉及多个步骤和复杂的蛋白质相互作用。而其中突触结合蛋白（Synaptotagmin，Syt）是一个广泛存在于神经和内分泌细胞内的分泌囊泡上的蛋白质家族。作为钙离子依赖性神经递质和激素释放过程中的钙离子感受器，Syt触发和调节囊泡与靶膜的融合过程。参与对神经递质和激素释放过程的严格调控，也可能参与对细胞的蛋白质与膜转运的调节。该家族在哺乳动物中有16种以上的亚型，它们在细胞内有各自不同的定位，并发挥不同的调节功能。通过亚型间以及亚型和效应物分子间的相互作用，特别是对钙离子的结合，Syt对胞吐过程进行着有效地调控。在膜融合的事件中，大部分是需要钙离子的存在的。Syt可能是一种在较为宽广范围的膜融合事件中广泛分布的钙离子敏感的融合机制中的调控蛋白。本文主要对Syt蛋白质家族的分类以及各种亚型在细胞分泌中的功能和定位进行综合性阐述。

英文摘要：

The process of vesicle translocation and fusion involve multiple steps and complex protein interactions. Synaptotagmin（Syt） is a large protein family existed on secretory vesicles and granules in neuron, neuroendocrine and endocrine cells. As the Ca2＋sensor in Ca2＋ -dependent neurotransmitter and hormone release,synaptotagmins trigger and regulate the fusion process between vesicle membrane and target membrane,play an important role in the secretory regulation in neuron, neuromdocrine and endocrine cells; and regulate the transfer of proteins and membranes to destination. There are overl6 subtypes of synaptotagmin in mammalian, because the different location and different construction,each one has different role in secretory regulation. Though the interaction between the subtypes of synaptotagmin and the different factors, synaptotagmins are involved in the exocytosis and recycling of secretory vesicles. Calcium increase in cell is the precondition to trigger the exocytosis in regulative exocytosis.As the calcium sensor, synaptotagmins involve in most of membrane fusion events in neuron, neuroendocrine and endocrine cells. In this paper, we mainly discuss the localization and function of various of Syt subtypes in cell exocytosis.