中文摘要：

我国沿海港口进出口箱分布非常不均衡，由此产生了集装箱空箱调运现象，合理的空箱调运策略能够有效地降低航运成本。本文研究了沿海港口间的空箱调运问题。在传统确定目的港策略的基础上，提出了一种新的空箱调运策略，不确定目的港策略。针对两种不同调运策略分别建立了以总调运费用最小为目标的规划模型。并以中国沿海港口空箱调运为例，运用遗传算法，在不同的空箱供需情况下，对两种调运策略费用进行了优化求解。结果表明，供需平衡模式下，固定目的港策略略有优势；在供需不平衡模式中，不确定目的港策略优势更加明显。此研究能够为港口间空箱调运提供辅助决策。

英文摘要：

The distribution of imports and exports is a significant imbalance between Chinese coastal ports, which leads to the allocation and transportation of empty container. Reasonable distribution strategy effectively decrea- ses the cost of allocation and transportation. In this paper, we introduce the allocation and transportation prob- lems of empty containers and present a pexible destination strategy against the conventional determined destina- tion strategy. Furthermore, two models of allocation and transportation problem, which can minimize the total transportation cost, are established. Then the paper analyze and solves the practical examples between Chinese coastal ports by using the genetic algorithm. The comparison between two different strategies shows, when the trades are fairly balanced, determined destination strategy slightly outperforms the pexible destination strategy. But when the trades are imbalanced, the flexible destination strategy obviously outperforms determined destina- tion strategy. The result provides advice for the decision-making of empty container distribution.