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复合字母刺激心理旋转加工中的整体优先效应

ISSN号：0439-755X
期刊名称：心理学报
时间：0
页码：1-9
语言：中文
分类：B842.1[哲学宗教—基础心理学;哲学宗教—心理学]
作者机构：[1]中国科学院心理研究所脑与认知科学国家重点实验室,北京100101, [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039, [3]大连理工大学神经信息研究所,大连116023
相关基金：国家重点基础研究发展计划资助项目（2006CB303101）,国家自然科学基金重点项目（60433030）和国家自然科学基金项目（30670699）.致谢：感谢大连理工大学神经信息学研究所全体成员在本研究过程中给予的帮助和支持.
相关项目：用动态因果模型研究汉字字形加工的脑内规律

关键词：心理旋转, 整体优先效应, 复合字母刺激, mental rotation, global precedence, compound stimuli

中文摘要：

采用复合字母材料结合正镜像判断任务，首次揭示了心理旋转加工中的整体优先效应。实验一延长复合字母材料的呈现时间，检验心理旋转实验常用的正镜像判断任务中的视知觉整体优先效应；实验二将实验一的复合字母材料旋转一定角度，考察心理旋转加工中的整体优先效应。结果发现：（1）延长复合字母呈现时间后的字母正镜像判断任务中，被试判断大字母和判断小字母的时间没有显著差异，并且大小字母是否一致对大字母判断和小字母判断的影响无显著差异；（2）在排除了视知觉的整体优先效应存在的情况下，发现心理旋转加工中存在明显的整体优先效应，大字母（整体）旋转条件下的反应时显著短于小字母（局部）旋转条件下的反应时；（3）旋转角度一致性对大字母旋转和小字母旋转条件下的反应时均无显著影响，表明心理旋转的整体优先效应模式可能有别于视知觉加工的整体优先效应模式。

英文摘要：

Perceptual global precedence referred to a priority in perceptual processing for the global features of a form or object. This phenomenon was firstly reported by Navon （1977） with compound stimuli （ larger letters were constructed from smaller letters, e.g. , a large H made up of small Ss）. Navon required observers to identify either the large （ i. e. , global） or the small （ i. e. , local） letters and found that global letters were identified more rapidly than local letters and also that irrelevant global letters were more difficult to ignore than irrelevant local letters. Perceptual global precedence had been widely replicated within certain boundary conditions （ Dalrymple et al. , 2007 ; Roalf et al, 2006 ; Schatz ＆ Erlandson, 2003 ; Han Shihui ＆ Chen Lin, 1996 ; Kimchi, 1992）. However, it was still unclear that whether global precedence could exist in other higher cognitive processes, such as mental rotation. Mental rotation was one typical transformation of mental images, which was reported to be functional equivalence with visual perception. Whether there was an effect of global precedence on mental rotation was explored in the present research. Compound stimuli combined with rotation task were used in two experiments. Participants were required to judge whether the large letter or small letter of the compound stimulus was in its regular format or left-fight mirror. In Experiment 1, 2 （ task： identification of normal image/mirror-reversed image for large or small letters ） × 2 （ stimuli ： congruence or incongruence of large-small letters ） was designed to eliminate perceptual global precedence through prolonging the duration of target stimuli. Experiment 2 investigated the global precedence on mental rotation with a 4 （rotation degree： 0, 60, 120, 180 ） × 2 （rotation pattern： rotation of large letters or small letters） × 2 stimuli： congruence or incongruence of rotation angles of large-small letters） within-subject factorial design. Repeated measures

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