中文摘要：

我国的节能减排问题日趋突出。本文从文献梳理角度对我国节能减排的现状、存在的问题以及解决路径进行了述评。研究显示，我国节能减排潜力巨大，节能减排效率低下。直接原因是由于我国产业结构、外贸结构、FDI 结构以及技术结构不合理造成的，但其背后更深层次的原因主要体现在：（1）GDP锦标赛下政治晋升制度的不合理导致了环境的负外部性；（2）激励与约束机制不完善导致政府缺乏节能减排的动力；（3）分税制的不完善导致了我国产业结构的不合理。为此，我们需要从优化产业结构、调整外贸结构、弱化 FDI的“污染避难所”效应以及增强技术进步效应入手，通过改革 GDP 锦标赛下政治晋升制度、完善激励与约束机制、调整财税体制等途径解决我国节能减排问题。

英文摘要：

With the problem of energy conservation and emission reduction in China is becoming more and more prominent, the present situation, existing problems and possible solutions of energy conservation and emission reduction are reviewed from the literature study angle in China. Research shows that the China’s energy conservation and emission reduction has an enormous potential but it is inefficient. The direct reason is caused by the irrational of China＆#39;s industrial structure, trade structure, FDI structure and technology structure. The deeper reason lies in three aspects in the following. Firstly, the unreasonable political promotion system under GDP Championship has led to the negative externality of environment. Secondly, the incentive and constraint mechanism of government is not perfect and it’s lead to the lack of government energy-saving emission reduction’s power. Thirdly, system of tax distribution is not perfect and it leads to the unreasonable of China’s industrial structure. Therefore, we need to start from optimize the industrial structure, adjust the structure of foreign trade, weakening FDI＂pollution haven＂effect, enhance the effect of technology progress. Through under the GDP Championship the reform of the political promotion system, improve the incentive and restraint mechanism, adjusting the tax system and other ways to solve the problem of energy conservation and emission reduction in China.