中文摘要：

目的调查血吸虫抗体（ELISA法）阳性者的病情状况,为评价血吸虫感染者的疾病负担提供依据。方法采用区域抽样法（grid sampling）,随机抽取当涂、汉寿两县的91个行政村作为样本村,对样本村的所有5岁及以上的常住人口（每年在本村居住时间≥6个月）进行血清学（ELISA）筛查。血清学筛查阳性者进行病原学检查（Kato-Katz法）、问卷调查和腹部B超检查。采用χ2检验和趋势性χ2检验比较组间人群血阳率、人群感染率、肝脾指标异常率、感染度间的差异。结果共有59765人接受了血清学筛查,查出血清学检查阳性者共计为3405例,两县总的血检阳性率为5.70%。共对2843名血检阳性者进行了问卷、病原学检查和B超检查,10.20%（290/2843）血阳者粪检阳性,51.6%（1466/2843）被诊断为慢性血吸虫病病例（其中,临床病例为1225例,确诊病例为241例）55.4%的血检阳性者年内有疫水接触史,既往病史率高达73.2%,症状与体征的出现率由高到低依次为I度以上肝纤维化（58.0%）、肝肿大（38.2%）、腹泻（30.0%）、腹痛（23.0%）、乏力（18.8%）、脾肿大（9.5%）和黏血便（6.9%）。慢性血吸虫病的感染和患病表现出较明显的性别、年龄依赖型,即男性和高年龄组的感染率和症状均较严重。而且,随着肝纤维化程度的增加,主要临床症状与体征的比例以及既往患病率都也随之增高。结论约半数ELISA阳性者可诊断为慢性日本血吸虫病,血清学阳性率可作为人群疾病负担评价的可靠依据。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the morbidities of seropositive residents of schistosome-specific antibodies, in order to provide evidences to assess the disease burden of the residents. Methods A total of 91 villages in Dangtu and Hanshou counties were randomly selected as study sites by grid sampling method. All residents who lived in study village for more than six months per year and over 5 years old were considered as eligible study targets for the project. All eligible residents were screened by ELISA test to detect the schisto- some-specific antibodies, and then all seropositive individuals were subjected to Kato-Katz technique, ques- tionnaire and abdominal B-ultrasonography. Chi-square test and tendency Chi-square test were used to com- pare the sero-prevalence, infection rate, index abnormal rate of liver and spleen, differences of infection de- gree of the residents. Results A total of 59 765 eligible residents from 91 villages of two counties were screened by ELISA and 3 405 were ...更多positive, the sero-prevalence was 5.7%. And of them, 2 843 sero-posi- tive residents were subjected to etiological examination, questionnaire and abdominal B -ultrasonography. 10.20%（290/2 843）sero-positive residents were etiological positive, 51.6%（1 466/2 843）sero-positive resi- dents were considered as chronic cases （1225 were clinical cases, and 241 were etiologically confirmed cases ）. Among sero-positive residents, 55.4% had contacted with cercariae-infested water during the previous year, and 73.2% had a treatment history. The frequency of symptoms in descending order were hepatic fibrosis （58.0%）, hepatomegaly（38.2%）, diarrhea （30.0%）, abdominal pain （23.0%）, impaired work capacity （18.8%）,splenomegaly （9.5%）, and mucous bloody stool （6.9%）. The prevalence of chronic schistosomiasis showed a strong correlation with sex and age, the infection rate and symptoms were more serious in the male and older age group. Moreover, with the increase of the degree of hepatic fibrosis, the r