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中文摘要：
目的探讨估计日本血吸虫感染两种检测方法（ELISA和Kato-Katz）在现场应用时的灵敏度和特异度的新方法。方法采用贝叶斯（Bayes）统计方法,利用2005年云南省洱源县现场调查资料,对两种方法在流行区和非流行区应用时的检测效果分别进行了评价。结果在流行区,ELISA灵敏度较高（0.913,中位数,下同）而特异度较低（0.584）,Kato-Katz法灵敏度低（0.148）而特异度很高（0.994）;在非流行区,ELISA灵敏度为0.766,特异度为0.908,Kato-Katz法灵敏度和特异度与其在流行区的相似。结论在无金标准的情况下,Bayes方法能够对检测方法做出科学的评价。
英文摘要：
Objective To explore a novel approach to estimate the sensitivities and specificities of two tests, i. e., ELISA and Kato - Katz, for detecting schistosoma japonicum infection when used in the field. Methods A Bayesian approach was employed to evaluate the characteristics of the two tests when used in endemic and non - endemic areas, respectively, based on the data from the field investigation in Eryuan county of Yunnan province, 2005. Results In endemic areas, a high sensitivity with the median of 0. 913 and a low specificity with the median of 0. 584 preserited in ELISA, and a low sensitivity with the median of 0. 148 along with a very high specificity（0. 994） appeared in Kato - Katz. In non - endemic areas, a moderate sensitivity of 0. 766 with a high specmcity（0. 908） was showed in ELISA, and the sensitivity and specificity of Kato - Katz was similar to that in endemic areas, respectively. Conclusion The Bayesian approach can evaluate the test pmpenies appropriately when there is no gold standard.
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