中文摘要：

中国能源系统以煤为主、缺油少气,面临着供应安全、环境约束、高效利用等多重压力。核电在保障中国能源安全、稳定经济发展、促进生态文明建设等方面具有重要的战略意义。本文分析世界核电发展大环境,总结核电发展历程中的成功经验;立足于中国生态文明建设与经济发展进入新常态的国情,阐释中国核电发展的经济、社会、技术环境。针对中国铀资源对外依存度高、技术路线不统一和堆型杂、核电安全法规不完善和管理体系不健全、核电产业链薄弱松散等问题,提出保障核能资源的供应安全、发展中国核心技术、加快《原子能法》的制定、打造中国核电产业联合体等建议。

英文摘要：

Chinese the pressures of energy system is mainly composed of coal, while deficient in oil and natural gas, under energy supply security, environmental restriction and efficient utilization. Developing nuclear power is a strategic way in terms of safeguarding energy safety, stabling economy as well as promoting ecologic civilization. This paper first analyzes the worldwide nuclear power development environment and draws advisable lessons from other countries; then analyzes the economic, social and technological environment of Chinese nuclear development, based on current ecological civilization construction and the national condition of New Normal. According to the analysis, nuclear power development presents problems such as Uranium dependence, technological roadmap discrepancy, Security laws imperfection, management system deformity and industry chain weakness. In the end, this paper puts forward suggestions to promote nuclear power sustainable development, including securing nuclear resource supply, achieving breakthrough in crucial technology, accelerating legislation of Atomic Energy Law, and building nuclear-electricity combination system.