中文摘要：

为比较科技用户在搜索网络文献时，通过“接受建议”和“干中学”这两种信息积累方式表现出的行为特征和绩效差异，本文以用户的实际网络检索行为为实验对象，设计了包括实验组和对照组的控制实验，提取一系列的观测数据，之后通过非参数检验等统计分析方法得到如下结论：①通过接受建议或干中学，行为主体的检索策略集合都发生了显著变化，而且经历学习之后得到了更高的平均收益。②但是，用户的策略选择和行为绩效在两阶段实验中都是独立的。③两种学习方式导致的策略选择结果和行为绩效有显著的差异，但两者改善学习收益（平均值）的内在机理并不一致。

英文摘要：

To compare the characteristic difference between being advised and learning by doing, which are the two ways of information accumulation of science and technology users＇, and their behavioral mechanism, a series of experiments with test groups were designed. Then, the non-parameter testing method is used to analyze the observed data. Here the demonstration are the following： ①After being advised and learning by doing, users＇ searching strategies sets are changed significantly, and their average payoffs are improved. However, ②their searching strategies distribution are independent during the two experiments periods. ③Users＇ choices of searching strategies led by being advised and learning by doing are significantly heterogeneous, i.e. the intrinsic mechanisms of two ways of information accumulation on improving behavioral performance （increase payoff） are inconsistent.