中文摘要：

目的系统分析和探讨莱布尼茨在创立微积分前后对微分方程所做的贡献及相关思想的发展脉络。方法文献研读与历史分析。结果菜布尼茨在微分方程方面成就独特：首次提出数学术语“微分方程”并开创常微分方程领域的研究；将微分三角形和微分方程巧妙联合；求解常微分方程的开拓者。结论莱布尼茨的思想方法对微分方程学科的创立和从微积分中的分离具有决定作用。

英文摘要：

Aim To discuss and analyze the contribution of Leibniz to differential equation and the role of his differential equation thought for the development of this subject. Methods Literature reviewed and historic analysis. Results Leibniz made peculiar contribution to the differential equation. First, he put forward the terminology of differential equation. Second, he linked the differential triangle with differential equation ingeniously. Third, he was a pioneer to seek solution of ordinary differential equation. Conclusion The thought and methods put forward by Leibniz played a decisive function in the research of the differential equation.