中文摘要：

《宪法》将人民代表大会制度规定为我国的根本政治制度，并赋予人大立法权、监督权、重大事项决定权和任免权的职能。其中，监督权更是起到了约束政府权力的关键性作用，应充分贯彻于预算的整个过程。在社会主义法律体系已经形成的新形势下，人大在进一步完善立法的同时，亟须“一体两翼”地着力加强预算监督，促进工作重点向强化预算审批职能方面转移，不断提高理财治国能力，推动国家治理模式的现代化转型，从而与公共财政、良法善治的理念相契相合，顺应关注民生、防治腐败的时代发展要求。

英文摘要：

China＇ s Constitution prescribes the system of National People＇ s Congress （ NPC ） as the fundamental political system, and ensures NPC the power of legislation, supervision, decisions on major issues and appoint- ment or removal of officials. Among these powers, fiscal supervision plays a crucial role in restricting adminis- trative power ,which should be fully implemented in the whole budget process. Since the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics has already taken shape, in this new situation, NPC should not only perfect legisla- tion, but also strengthen budget supervision, and shift the focus of work to the examination and approval of budget. By raising the ability of NPC to manage wealth and govern the country, and modernizing the mode of national governance, we can fit in with the idea of public finance as well as governance of good law, and also serve the needs of new times to improve people＇ s livelihoods and prevent corruption.