中文摘要：

超声技术是检测金属柱状体工件内部缺陷的常用方法，但是在缺陷的重构和类型识别方面还缺乏有效的方法。针对超声检测金属柱状体工件内部缺陷的情况，研究单个圆周截面上360°检测得到回波信号特征的分布规律。为了深入全面地分析规律普遍性，采用ansys仿真软件得出不同情况下仿真回波信号，并经证实仿真回波有效；结合实际的缺陷类型和缺陷回波特点，分析了不同位置圆形、椭圆形、矩形缺陷的仿真回波信号幅值和时间延时的规律，为进一步的缺陷识别和重构奠定基础。

英文摘要：

Ultrasonic technology is a common method to detect the internal defects of metalcylinder.However,there is still a lack of effective methods in the reconstruction and type identificationof defects.In order to detect defect in metal cylindrical object more effectively,the circumferentialdistribution of the echo signal characteristics with360degree in one circular cross section is studied.In order to deeply and comprehensively analyze the regularity of the general,ANSYS software is used tosimulate the echo signal of different defects,and it is proved being effective.Combining with the actualdefect types and defect echo characteristics,the amplitude and time delay of the simulated echo signalwith different positions of circular,elliptical and rectangular defects are analyzed,which lays thefoundation for subsequent defect recognition and reconstruction.