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中文摘要：
通过对甘南州境内高寒草甸在4个放牧强度（禁牧、轻牧、中牧和重牧）和5个海拔梯度（3050,3180,3570,3600,3910 m）下的土壤氮矿化速率分析测定,并对室内和原位培养所得净氮矿化率进行比较,以期为确定该区合理的草地放牧管理措施,以及深入研究和系统评价高寒草甸生态系统碳、氮循环提供基础依据。结果表明：原位培养下,放牧强度的增强促进了土壤氮的矿化;室内培养所得土壤净氮矿化率大于原位培养净氮矿化速率,说明在适宜温度和湿度（22℃和40%~60%的田间持水量）条件下,氮矿化速率较高;作为土壤质量的一种度量,土壤氮矿化潜力在禁牧处理下较高（0.53 mg.kg-1.d-1）,而在重牧处理下较低（0.36 mg.kg-1.d-1）;随着海拔升高,氮矿化潜力呈＂V＂字型变化,而原位培养下的氮矿化率与海拔梯度呈显著负相关关系（R=-0.672,P〈0.01）。处于强度放牧下的草地土壤氮素周转加快,造成土壤氮素水平下降;现阶段高海拔区土壤可看作养分的储存库,如果气候变化加剧,该养分库可能变成温室气体的源。
英文摘要：
This study reports an understanding of the N mineralization in soil of an alpine meadow in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau（Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,Gansu Province）,the net N mineralization rates in soil under four grazing treatments（No grazing,Light grazing,Moderate grazing and Heavy grazing） were determined from both indoor and in-situ incubation.The net N mineralization rates in soil from 5 different altitudes（which are 3050,3180,3570,3600,3910 m） were also determined.Results showed that the net N mineralization rate obtained from the indoor incubation was larger than that from the in-situ incubation,which indicated that the N mineralization rate was increased under appropriate temperature and moisture.Grazing increased the N mineralization under the in-situ incubation.Soil N mineralization potential was higher under the no-grazing treatment（0.53 mg·kg-1·d-1）,and lower under the heavily-grazing treatment（0.36 mg·kg-1·d-1） compared to control.The N mineralization potential showed a ＂V＂ type with the elevation increasing.The net N mineralization rate in soil under in-situ incubation was negatively correlated with elevation（R=-0.672,P0.01）.Conclusions are that severe grazing accelerates the turnover rate of nitrogen in soil,thus causes the soil nitrogen level decreasing.Therefore,the high altitude soil may be the nutrient pool at present.
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