中文摘要：

目的应用系统分析的方法评价当前国外工作场所职业应激干预效果，为国内开展相关研究提供参考。方法在Medline数据库使用关键词搜索，收集2000年1月1日至2014年9月4日出版的职业应激干预相关文献，使用统一标准提取职业应激干预措施类型、干预内容、干预对象、研究设计、结果指标、干预效果、证据质量等关键信息对文献进行分析。结果最终纳入30篇文献，包括随机对照试验20项，类试验或自身前后对照试验10项。研究现场来自德国、日本、英国等12个国家，总样本量为5699人，干预期限集中在4-16周。干预措施可分为6类，包括认知行为技能培训、放松技能、身体活动、组织改变、联合干预以及多水平干预，其中认知行为疗法是最常见的干预方法。结局变量以社会心理学变量和工作相关变量为主。职业应激干预能较显著地改善职业应激及抑郁症状，对工作相关结局也有一定效果。干预前被干预对象的职业应激水平不同，其干预效果可能不同；组织水平的干预效果优于个体水平干预，而多水平的综合干预效果不一定优于单个水平。结论职业应激干预是改善职业应激较有效的方法，但干预前被干预对象职业应激水平、干预期限和频率、干预措施和干预水平、随访时间等因素对干预效果有一定影响。未来的研究应注意方法学问题，关注组织水平以及基于网络为基础的干预，并增加成本一效益的分析。

英文摘要：

Objective To evaluate the effects of occupational stress intervention in the workplaces abroad by systematic review and to provide a reference for domestic research. Methods The Medline database was searched to collect the literature on occupational stress intervention published from January 1 in 2000 to September 4 in 2014, Using standardized forms, the methods, contents, subjects, study design, result indicator, effectiveness and evidence of the intervention were extracted and analyzed. Results Thirty studies met the inclusion criteria, with a total sample size of 5699 participants, including 20 randomized trials and 10 non- randomized or self-controlled studies from 12 countries, such as Germany, Japan, and Britain. The course of intervention ranged from 4 to 16 weeks. Six types of intervention were identified, i.e., cognitive-behavioral treatment （CBT）, relaxation technique, physical activity, organization-focused intervention, combined intervention, and multilevel intervention, among which CBT was used most frequently. The outcome variables mainly included social psychological variable and work-related variable. Occupational stress intervention could significantly improve the occupational stress and depressive symptoms, and also had some effects on the work- related outcomes. The effectiveness of the intervention might vary between the subjects with different occupational stress levels before intervention. The effectiveness of the intervention was better at an organizational level than at an individual level, but the effectiveness at a multiple level was not necessarily better than that at a single level. Conclusion Occupational stress intervention is an effective method to improve the occupational stress at workplace. However, the occupational stress level before intervention, the duration and frequency of intervention, measures and level of intervention, and follow-up period have certain influence on the effectiveness of intervention. Future research should pay attention to methodology, focus on organi