中文摘要：

基于福建省福州市流动人口问卷调查及流动人口、企业雇主和相关政府部门官员的深入访谈,考察了流动人口流迁模式的复杂性和多元分化及其对他们社会保护的影响。研究结果表明,流动人口的流迁模式呈现在流入地定居、保持流动状态和向流出地回流的三维分化,并由此导致其对社会保护需求在整体上不同于流入地当地居民,在其内部呈现多元分化的局面;以＂城市融入＂为主导的社会保护方法需要根据这种需求特点予以完善和拓展。还探讨了以上分析的理论和政策意义,重点分析了基于＂城市融入＂视角的分析框架在指导流动人口社会保护研究和政策制定上的局限性和向＂社会融入＂视角拓展的必要性,以及诸如社会保护项目的可携带性、制度基础和融资机制等政策层面的问题。

英文摘要：

Based on a survey of the floating population and subsequent in-depth interviews in Fuzhou City,China,this paper examines the complexity and diversity of mobility patterns of the floating population and its implications for their social protection in China.The results show that while a small proportion of the floating population want to settle down in the cities,a substantial proportion of them will return to their hometowns or remain mobile in the near future;and that members of the floating population have different social protection needs from local urban residents and among themselves.The paper identifies three major limitations of the current approach of urban inclusion in meeting the floating population＇s needs for social protection,namely its incompatibility with the highly mobile nature of the floating population,its neglect of the floating population＇s of social protection arising from their mobile nature,and its neglect of the floating population＇s diversified needs caused by their differentiation in their final migration destinations.Based on the above analysis,the paper suggests that the current approach of urban inclusion should be expanded under the conceptual framework of social inclusion,so that the floating population＇s distinctive and diversified needs for social protection can be better met.The paper also explores the conceptual and policy implications of the above analysis,focusing on the limitation of the conceptual framework of urban inclusion and exclusion in guiding the discussion of social protection for the floating population and using the conceptual framework of social inclusion and exclusion for such a purpose,and some practical issues such as the portability of social protection programs and their institutional basis and financing mechanism.