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PET超细纤维的熔体静电纺丝法制备及性能研究

ISSN号：1005-023X
期刊名称：材料导报
时间：2012.3.3
页码：58-61
分类：TQ342.93[化学工程—化纤工业]
作者机构：[1]北京服装学院材料科学与工程学院,北京100029, [2]北京市服装材料研究开发与评价重点实验室,北京100029
相关基金：国家自然科学基金(51073005);北京市教委科技发展计划重点项目(KZ201010012012);北京市属高等学校人才强教深化计划(IHLB);国家973项目(2010CB933501)
相关项目：磁铅石型铁氧体纳米纤维及有序阵列的电纺制备和磁性研究

关键词： PET熔体静电纺丝超细纤维激光熔融, poly（ethylene terephthalate）, melt-electrospinning, ultrafine fibers, laser melting

中文摘要：

采用激光熔体静电纺丝法制备了PET超细纤维，研究了应用电压、激光电流及接收距离对纤维直径的影响。利用SEM、XRD、FrIR、TGDTA及单轴拉力机对纤维形貌、结晶性能、分子结构、热稳定性和力学性能进行了表征。SEM结果表明，所得纤维表面光滑、粗细均匀，最小纤维直径在3um左右。当增加电压时纤维直径随之增大；纤维直径随激光电流的增强呈下降趋势，随接收距离的增加有先减小后增大的趋势。XRD测试表明激光电纺PET纤维为无定形态，在一定温度下退火后呈结晶态。FTIR测试结果表明电纺PET分子取向发生了变化。拉力测试结果表明，PET热压纤维膜的平均断裂伸长率在5％左右，平均拉伸强度为1．3MPa左右。TG-DTA测试表明电纺PET纤维耐热性优良，可在较高温度下使用。

英文摘要：

Poly（ethylene terephthalate）（PET） ultrafine fibers were prepared by laser melt electrospinning tech- nology, and the effects on fibers diameter were described with applied voltage（Hv）, laser current（Lc） and the collec- tor distance（Cd）. The micromorphology of the fibers was studied by scanning electron microscope（SEM）. The mole- cular orientation and crystal properties were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared（FTIR） and X-ray diffraction （XRD）, respectively. The mechanical properties and thermostability were tested too. SEM showed the PET fibers had a smooth and uniform surface, and the minimum diameter was about 3/trru The average diameter（AVG） of the fi- bers increased with increase of Hv; however, when Hv was less than 5kV, fibers with beads could be seen. With in- creasing the CA, the AVG of fibers initially decreased and then increased. The AVG could be decreased with increa- sing Lc. XRD exhibited that the electrospun PET fibers were amorphous state, and the annealed fibers were crystal- line. The changes of the molecular orientation were observed by FFIR The breaking strain of the PET fibers mem- branes was around 5%, and the average tensile strength was about 1.3MPa. Then, TCr-DTA test showed the heat-re- sistant performance of the PET fibers was fine.

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