中文摘要：

目的：分析乡村医生在当前环境背景下需要承担的角色职能。方法：采用访谈法、资料分析法、关键事件法等方法,对30名村医进行访谈并将访谈资料进行整理,通过分析乡村医生目前生存背景,总结乡村医生应该担负的角色职能。结果：受政策环境、地理环境和社会环境变化的影响,加之村民的健康需求发生了转变,乡村医生角色职能逐渐转变为：保障农村居民健康的＂守门人＂、居民身体状况的＂信息统计者＂、卫生政策的＂解读者＂、医患之间桥梁的＂搭建者＂以及纾解老年人孤独情感的心理咨询师。结论：建议有关卫生部门合理进行符合实际的培训工作,改善村卫生室的硬件设施,在保障居民公共卫生服务的前提下,保证乡村医生的基本医疗工作。

英文摘要：

To analyze the role of rural doctors under the new situation.Methods 30 cases of rural doctors were surveyed with interview,material analysis and critical incident method.Results Influenced by the change of policy environment,geographical environment？ and social environment,combining with the change of villagers＇ health demand,the roles of rural doctors had been changed into gatekeeper of protecting rural residents＇ health,statistician of health information,interpreter of health policy,communicator between doctors and patients and psychologists of relieving the elderly loneliness. Conclusion Some suggestions were put forward,such as intensifying training according to the actual work,and improving clinic hardware facilities to ensure the basic medical services.