中文摘要：

目的 探讨儿童后肾腺瘤临床病例特点,提高对儿童后肾腺瘤的认识.方法 回顾性分析2008年5月至2016年1月收治的5例儿童后肾腺瘤的临床资料,并进行文献复习.5例患儿中,男4例,女1例;年龄小于2岁2例,8～10岁3例;肿瘤位于左侧2例,右侧3例.以腹部包块就诊1例,超声偶然发现4例.术前均行超声和增强CT,2例考虑肾母细胞瘤,2例考虑肾细胞癌,1例考虑肾囊肿合并出血.结果 肿瘤直径小于5 cm者4例.行保留肾单位的肿瘤剜除术3例,行瘤肾切除术2例.病理检查报告：后肾腺瘤4例,后肾腺瘤合并乳头状肾细胞癌1例.术后平均随访4年5个月,均无复发和转移.结论 后肾腺瘤罕见,临床表现及影像缺乏特异性,术前诊断困难,确诊依靠病理及免疫组织化学.后肾腺瘤为良性病变,手术完整切除为治疗原则.有合并恶性成分的病例报道,术后需长期随诊复查.

英文摘要：

Objective To explore the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric metanephric adenoma （MA）.Methods From 2008 to 2016,the clinical and pathological data of 5 cases were analyzed retrospectively.Results There were 4 boys and 1 girl with a mean age of 4 years.Only 1 boy had abdominal mass while the others were detected accidentally on ultrasound.All 5 patients were diagnosed by ultrasonography and computed tomography （CT）.The diagnoses were Wilm＇s tumor （n =2）,renal cell carcinoma （n =2） and renal cyst with hemorrhage （n =1）.Three children with tumor 〈5 cm underwent partial nephrectomy while another 2 patients radial nephrectomy.All diagnoses of MA were made by postoperative pathological examination.There was one case of papillary carcinoma.During a follow-up period of 53 months,there was neither recurrence nor metastasis.Conclusions MA is an extremely rare kind of primary renal tumor.Surgical resection is recommended for MA.Considering its uncertainty of biological behaviors and cellular origins,long-term follow-ups are necessary.