中文摘要：

目的了解黄粉虫养殖环境中孳生的螨类,不同种螨类间的相互关系及酪阳厉螨的生物学特性。方法实验室人工养殖黄粉虫。从养殖盒中采集100份饲料样品,过筛后分成黄粉虫及筛内阻留物和细粒混合物两部分,并进行螨类分离、计数、鉴定和制片;从养殖盒饲料中挑取伯氏嗜木螨和酪阳厉螨成螨若干只,置于放有少量麦胚和黄豆粉的培养皿中饲养,显微镜下观察两种螨间的相互关系及酪阳厉螨的形态特征和食性。结果 100份标本中检出8种螨,隶属于4科6属,总密度为490只/g饲料。显微镜下观察酪阳厉螨成螨在混合饲料饲养条件下可摄食麦胚、黄粉虫皮壳、死亡的黄粉虫成虫、黄粉虫的蛹和幼虫,同时还捕食伯氏嗜木螨的幼螨和成螨。酪阳厉螨雌螨较大,体长640-740μm,椭圆形,黄褐色,胸板向后延伸至Ⅲ足基节中央,具刚毛3对,胸后板毛靠近胸后板和孔;生殖板似瓶颈状,具刚毛一对;肛板三角形,具刚毛3条;背板网纹状;气门板游离于腹面两侧后方,气门发达具气门沟,气门沟向上延伸至足Ⅰ基节前方;盾间膜位于肛板和生殖板的两边,有7对刚毛。雄螨较小体长460-570μm,腹面覆以全腹板;胸区具刚毛4对,气门沟板前端与背板愈合,气门沟延伸到足Ⅰ基节中央,螯肢趾无齿,钳齿毛细而长,足Ⅳ膝节具后侧毛2条。结论黄粉虫养殖盒中螨类污染严重,优势螨酪阳厉螨与伯氏嗜木螨之间存在一定的相互竞争关系,前者捕食后者。

英文摘要：

Objectives To investigate the relationship between different types of mites in boxes to breed Tenebrio molitor and to observe the biological characteristics of Androlaelaps casalis. Method One hundred samples were collected from boxes to breed T.molitor.Samples were sieved and then mites were separated,counted,identified,and prepared.Caloglyphus berlesei and A.casalis were placed on a culture dish with wheat germ and soybean meal,and the feeding habits of A.casalis were observed. Result Eight types of mites were detected in the 100 samples collected from boxes to breed of T.molitor.These mites belonged to 4families and 6genera,and their total density was 490a/g feed.Microscopy revealed wheat germ eaten by T.molitor,remains of T.molitor,dead T.molitoradults,T.molitor pupae and larvae,and C.berlesei preying on T.molitor.The external morphology of A.casalis was observed under a light microscope,and results indicated that the adult females of A.casalis had a brown,oval body that was 640-740μm long.The sternal shield extended back to the center of coxa III,and there were 3pairs of setae.The metasternal setae ran to the metasternal plate and stigma.There was a pair of setae at the genital plate.The anal plate was rectangular and had 3setae.The dorsal plate was reticulate.Peritremetal plates separated from the rear of both sides of the body and developed into the peritremetal groove.The peritrematal groove extended to the center of coxa I.The interscutal membrane was located on both sides of the anal plate and the genital plate and had 7pairs of setae.Adult males were slightly smaller with a length of 460-570μm.The ventral surface was entirely covered by the ventral plate.The sternal region had 4pairs of setae.The front end of the peritrematal groove merged with the dorsal shield.The peritrematal groove extended to the center of coxa I.The chelicera had no teeth,and the pili dentilis were long and thin.The genu had two postero-lateral setae. Conclusion Boxes to breed T.molitorare heavily contaminated with mites.There